Curriculum Vitae

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Education

• 1972-1976 University of Maryland School of Medicine, Ph.D., Neurophysiology
• 1968-1972 Pennsylvania State University, B.S., Biology

Graduate training

• 1976-1978 Postdoctoral Fellowship: Oregon Primate Research Center

Appointments

• 2003- Venture Partner, Apple Tree Partners
• 2000-2003 Executive Vice President of Research, Dyax Corp.
• 1999-2000 Senior Vice President of Research, Dyax Corp.
• 1997-1998 Senior Vice President and Chief Scientist, Serono, Inc.
• 1995-1997 Vice President Science and Technology, Serono, Inc.
• 1993-1995 Senior Vice President and Chief Scientific Officer, Diacrin, Inc.
• 1992-1993 Vice President of Research and Development/Chief Scientific Officer, Diacrin, Inc.
• 1990-1992 Vice President and Scientific Director, Ares Serono, Inc.
• 1989-1990 Director of Biotechnology, Ares Serono, Inc.
• 1988-1989 Research Director, Integrated Genetics, Inc.
• 1987-1988 Research Manager, Integrated Genetics, Inc.
• 1985-1987 Senior Staff Scientist, Integrated Genetics, Inc.
• 1983-1985 Associate Professor, University of Michigan Medical School
• 1979-1983 Assistant Professor, University of Pennsylvania Medical School
• 1978-1979 Assistant Scientist, Oregon Primate Research Center

Patents (issued)

1. Chappel, S.C., et al., United States Patent #6,663,867, Issue date 031216; “Hybrid heterodimeric protein hormone comprising a TNF binding protein and a glycoprotein hormone subunit and method of using same”.
2. Chappel., S.C., United States Patent #6,348,444, Issue date 020219; “Human growth hormone to stimulate hematopoiesis and immune reconstitution after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in humans”.
3. Chappel, S.C., et al., United States Patent #6,194,177, Issue date 010227, “DNA encoding a hybrid heterodimeric protein”.
4. Chappel, S.C. et al., United States Patent #6,193,972 Issue date 010227, “Hybrid heterodimeric protein hormone”.
5. Chappel, S.C., United States Patent #6,096,537, Issue Date: 000801, “Cells With Multiple Altered Epitopes on a Surface Antigen for Use in Transplantation”.
6. Chappel, S.C., et al., United States Patent #5,986,068, Issue Date: 991116, “Site-Directed Mutagenesis Modified Glycoproteins and Methods of Use”.
7. Chappel, S.C., et al., United States Patent #5,705,479, Issue Date: 980106, “Site-Directed Mutagenesis Modified Glycoprotein Hormones and Methods of Use”.
8. Chappel, S. C., United States Patent #5,679,340, Issue Date: 971021, “Cells With Multiple Altered Epitopes On a Surface Antigen for Use in Transplantation”.
9. Chappel, S.C., et al., United States Patent #5,674,711, Issue Date: 971007, “Heteropolymeric Protein Production Methods”.
10. Chappel, S. C., et al., United States Patent #5,658,760, Issue Date: 970819, “Heteropolymeric Protein Production Methods”.
11. Chappel, S.C., et al,; United States Patent #5,635,475, Issue Date: 970603, “Site-Directed Mutagenesis Modified Glycoprotein Hormones and Methods of Use”.
12. Chappel, S.C., et al., United States Patent #5,602,006, Issue Date: 970211, “Heteropolymeric Protein Production Methods”.
13. Chappel, S.C., et al.; United States Patent #5,352,779; Issue Date: 941004; “Site-Directed Mutagenesis Modified DNA Encoding Glycoprotein Hormones and Methods of Use”.
14. Chappel, S.C.; United States Patent #5,272,071; Issue Date: 931221; “Method for the Modification of the Expression Characteristics of an Endogenous Gene of a Given Cell Line”.
15. Chappel, S.C.; United States Patent #5,262,518; Issue Date: 931116; “Ovulation Kit Comprising FSH Isoforms With Varying Half-Lives”.
16. Chappel, S.C., et al.; United States Patent #5,260,421; Issue Date: 931109; “Site-Directed Mutagenesis Modified Glycoprotein Hormones”.
17. Chappel, S.C., et al; United States Patent #5,240,832; Issue Date: 930831; “Heteropolymeric Protein Production Methods; Culturing Cells Transformed With Vectors to Produce Thyroid Stimulating Hormone”.
18. Chappel, S.C.; United States Patent #5,087,615; Issue Date: 920211; “Novel Method of Ovulation Induction in Humans; Stimulating Follicle Development by Administering Follicle Stimulating Hormone Isoforms in a Specific Sequence”.

Publications

1. Chappel, S.C. and Barraclough, C.A. Hypothalamic Regulation of Pituitary FSH Secretion. Endocrinology 98: 927-935, 1976.
2. Chappel, S.C. and Barraclough, C.A. The Effects of Sodium Pentobarbital or Ether Anesthesia on Spontaneous and Electrochemically-Induced Gonadotropin Release. Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. Med. 153: 1-6, 1976.
3. Chappel, S.C. and Barraclough, C.A. Plasma Concentration Changes in LH and FSH Following Electrochemical Stimulation of the Medial Preoptic Area or Dorsal Anterior Hypothalamic Area or Estrogen- or Androgen-Sterilized Rats. Biology of Reproduction 15: 661-669, 1976.
4. Chappel, S.C. and Barraclough, C.A. Further Studies on the Regulation of FSH Secretion. Endocrinology 101: 24-31, 1977.
5. Chappel, S.C., Norman, R.L. and Spies, H.G. Regulation of the Second (Estrous) Release of Follicle Stimulating Hormone in Hamsters by the Medial Basal Hypothalamus. Endocrinology 101: 1339-1342, 1977.
6. Chappel, S.C., Norman, R.L. and Spies, H.G. Effects of Estradiol on Serum and Pituitary Gonadotropin Concentrations During Selective Elevations of Follicle Stimulating Hormone. Biology of Reproduction 19: 159-166, 1978.
7. Chappel, S.C., Norman, R.L. and Spies, H.G. Evidence for a Specific Neural Event that Controls the Estrous Release of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) in Golden Hamsters. Endocrinology 104: 169-174, 1979.
8. Chappel, S.C. and Schmidt, M. Cyclic Release of Luteinizing Hormone and the Effects of Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone Injection in Asiatic Elephants. Am. J. Vet. Res. 40: 451-453, 1979.
9. Chappel, S.C. Cyclic Fluctuations in Ovarian FSH-Inhibiting Material in Golden Hamsters. Biology of Reproduction 21: 447-453, 1979.
10. Chappel, S.C. and Selker, F. Relation Between the Secretion of FSH During the Periovulatory Period and Ovulation During the Next Cycle. Biology of Reproduction 21: 347-352, 1979.
11. Chappel, S.C., Acott, T. and Spies, H.G. Inhibition of In Vivo and In Vitro FSH Secretion by Steroid-Free Hamster Ovarian Extracts. In: “Ovarian Follicular and Corpus Luteum Function”, C.P. Channing, J. Marsh and W.D. Sadler (eds.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 361-373, 1980.
12. Chappel, S.C., Spies, H.G. and Holt, J. Inhibin: Differences in Bioactivity Within Human Follicular Fluid in the Follicular and Luteal Stages of the Menstrual Cycle. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 163: 310-314, 1980
13. Chappel, S.C. Restoration of the Proestrous and Estrous Release of Gonadotropins in Ovariectomized Hamsters: A Possible Role for “Inhibin” in the Female. Biology of Reproduction 22: 798-804, 1980.
14. Chappel, S.C., Ellinwood, W.E., Huckins, C., Herbert, D.C. and Spies, H.G. Active Immunization of Male Rhesus Monkeys Against Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone. Biology of Reproduction 22: 33-342, 1980.
15. Spies, H.G., Quadri, S.K., Chappel, S.C. and Norman, R.L. Dopaminergic and Opiod Compounds: Effects on Prolactin and LH Release After Electrical Stimulation of Hypothalamus in Ovariectomized Rhesus Monkeys. Neuroendocrinology 30: 249-256, 1980.
16. Spies, H.G., Norman, R.L., Chappel, S.C., Pavasuthipaisit, K. and Hess, D.L. Neural Control of Pituitary Hormone Secretion in the Rhesus Macaque. In: “Endocrinology 1980”, I.A. Cummings, J.W. Funder and F.A.O. Mendelsohn (eds.), Griffin Press, Ltd., Netley, South Australia, pp. 634-639, 1980.
17. Chappel, S.C., Resko, J.A. and Spies, H.G. Studies in Rhesus Monkeys on the Site Where Estrogen Inhibits Gonadotropins: Delivery of Estradiol-17 Beta to the Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland”. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metabol. 52: 1, 1981.
18. Chappel, S.C. and Spies, H.G. Gonadal-Pituitary-Hypothalamic Axis in Rhesus Monkeys: Gonadotropin Regulation. In: “Reproductive Processes and Contraception”, K.W. McKerns (ed.), Plenum Press, pp. 3-25, 1981.
19. Chappel, S.C. The Presence of Two Species of FSH Within Hamster Anterior Pituitary Glands as Disclosed by Concanavalin A Chromatography. Endocrinology 109: 935-942, 1981.
20. Wu, Y.M., Chappel, S.C., Flickinger, G.L. Effects of Gossypol on Pituitary-Ovarian Endocrine Function, Ovulation and Fertility in Female Hamsters. Contraception 24: 259-266, 1981.
21. Coutifaris, C., Chappel, S.C. Intraventricular Injection of FSH During Proestrus Stimulates the Rise in Serum FSH on Estrus in Phenobarbital-Treated Hamsters Through a Central Nervous System Dependent Mechanism. Endocrinology 110: 105-113, 1982.
22. Chappel, S.C., Coutifaris, C., Jacobs, S.J. Studies on the Microheterogeneity of FSH Present Within the Anterior Pituitary Gland of Ovariectomized Hamsters. Endocrinology 110: 847-854, 1982.
23. Moreno, B., Chappel, S.C., Blasco, L. Luteinizing Hormone in Cervical Mucus. Fertility and Sterility 37: 536-541, 1982.
24. Ulloa-Aguirre, A., Chappel, S.C. Multiple Species of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Exist Within the Anterior Pituitary Gland of Male Golden Hamsters. J. Endocrinology 95: 257-266, 1982.
25. Chappel, S.C., Ulloa-Aguirre, A., Ramaley, J.A. Sexual Maturation in Female Rats: Time Course of the Appearance of Multiple Species of Anterior Pituitary FSH. Biology of Reproduction 28: 196-205, 1983.
26. Ulloa-Aguirre, A., Coutifaris, C., Chappel, S.C. Multiple Species of FSH are Present Within Hamster Anterior Pituitary Cells Cultured In Vitro. Acta Endocrinologica 102: 343-350, 1983.
27. Coutifaris, C., Chappel, S.C. Involvement of Hypothalamic LHRH in Regulation of the Estrous FSH Surge in the Female Golden Hamster. Endocrinology 113: 563-568, 1983.
28. Chappel, S.C., Ulloa-Aguirre, A., Coutifaris, C. Biosynthesis and Secretion of Follicle Stimulating Hormone. Endocrine Reviews 4: 179-211, 1983.
29. Spies, H.G., Chappel, S.C. Reproductive Cycles in Non-Human Primates. In: “Marshall’s Physiology of Reproduction, 4th Edition”, G.E. Lamming (ed.), Churchill Livingston, 1983.
30. Miller, C., Ulloa-Aguirre, A., Hyland, L., Chappel, S.C. Pituitary FSH Heterogeneity: Assessment of Biological Activities of Each FSH Form. Fertility and Sterility 40: 242-247, 1983.
31. Galle, P., Ulloa-Aguirre, A., Chappel, S.C. The Effects of Oestradiol, Phenobarbitone and LHRH Upon the Isoelectric Profile of FSH in Ovariectomized Hamster Pituitary Glands. J. Endocrinology 99: 31-39, 1983.
32. Ulloa-Aguirre, A., Miller, C., Hyland, L., Chappel, S.C. Production of All FSH Isohormones From a Purified Preparation by Neuraminidase Digestion. Biology of Reproduction 30: 382-387, 1984.
33. Chappel, S.C., Miller, C. and Hyland, L. Regulation of the Pulsatile Release of LH and FSH in Ovariectomized Hamsters. Biology of Reproduction 30: 628-636, 1984.
34. Coutifaris, C., Hyland, L. and Chappel, S.C. Autoregulation of FSH Secretion in the Hamster: Evidence for Control at the Level of the Pituitary Gland. Endocrinology 114: 2216-2222, 1984.
35. Chappel, S.C., Bethea, C.L., Spies, H.G. Existence of Multiple Forms of Follicle Stimulating Hormone Within the Anterior Pituitary Glands of Cynomolgus Monkeys. Endocrinology 115: 452-461, 1984.
36. Snyder, P.J., Bashey, H.M., Kim, S.U., Chappel, S.C. Secretion of Uncombined Subunits of Luteinizing Hormone by Gonadotroph Cell Adenomas. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metabol. 59: 1169-1175, 1984.
37. Chappel, S.C. Neuroendocrine Control of Luteinizing Hormone and Follicle Stimulating Hormone. A Review. Life Sciences 36: 97-103, 1985.
38. Kennedy, J.L., Chappel, S.C. Direct Pituitary Effects of Testosterone and Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone Upon FSH: Analysis by Radioimmunoassay and Radioreceptor Assay. Endocrinology 116: 741-748, 1985.
39. Chappel, S.C., Ramaley, J.A. Changes in the Isoelectric Focusing Profile of Pituitary FSH in the Developing Male Rat. Biology of Reproduction 32: 567-573, 1985.
40. Cameron, J.L., Chappel, S.C. FSH Forms Present Within and Secreted From Anterior Pituitary of Female Golden Hamster During the Estrous Cycle in Rats. Endocrinology 118: 1127-1133, 1986.
41. DePaolo, L.V., Chappel, S.C. Alterations in the Secretion and Production of Follicle Stimulating Hormone Preceded Age Related Lengthening of Estrous Cycles in Rats. Endocrinology 118: 1127-1133, 1986.
42. Chappel, S.C., Bashey, H.M., Snyder, P.J. Similar Isoelectric Profiles of FSH from Gonadotroph Cell Adenomas and Non-Adenomatous Pituitaries. Acta Endocrinolgica 113: 311-316, 1986.
43. Padmanabhan, V., Chappel, S.C., Beitens, I.Z. An Improved In Vitro Bioassay for Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH): Suitable for Measurement of FSH in Unextracted Human Serum. Endocrinology 121: 1089-1098, 1987.
44. Chappel, S.C. Factors that Regulate FSH Biosynthesis. In: “Inhibin and Non-Steroidal Regulation of Follicle Stimulating Hormone Secretion”, H. Burger (ed.), Raven Press, pp. 1-16, 1987.
45. Chappel, S.C. The Physiological Significance of Inhibin. In: “Inhibins: Isolation, Estimation and Physiology”, A.R. Sheth (ed.), CRC Press, New York, pp. 17-30, 1987.
46. Chappel, S.C. Biochemical and Biological Characteristics of LH and FSH Expressed by Recombinant DNA Technology. In: “Molecular Endocrinology of Reproductive Proteins and Peptides”, J. McKearns (ed.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 275-288, 1988.
47. Burger, H.G., Igarashi, M., Baird, D.T., Bardin, W., Chappel, S.C. et al., Inhibin: definition and nomenclature, including related substances. Clin. Endocrinology (Oxf) 28: 448-449, 1988.
48. Ulloa-Aguirre, A., Espinosa, R., Damian-Matsuhura, P., Chappel, S.C. Immunological and Biological Potencies of the Different Molecular Species of Gonadotropins. Human Reproduction 3: 491-501, 1988.
49. Chappel, S.C., Looney, C.R., Bondioli, K.R. Bovine FSH produced by recombinant DNA technology. Theriogenology 29: 235, 1988.
50. Chappel, S.C. The Regulatory System for FSH: Transduction of Endocrine Signals at the Pituitary Gland. D. Bellet (ed.) In: “Serono Symposia Series”, Raven Press, New York, pp. 137-157, 1989.
51. Chappel, S.C. Biological to Immunological Ratios: Re-Evaluation of a Concept. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metabol. 70: 1494-1495, 1990.
52. Chappel, S.C., Howles, C. Re-Evaluation of the Roles of LH and FSH in the Ovulatory Process. Human Reproduction 6: 1206-1212, 1991.
53. Chappel, S.C., Kelton, C., Nugent, N. Expression of Human Gonadotropins by Recombinant DNA Methods. In: “Hormones in Gynecologic Endocrinology”, A.R. Genazzaini and F. Petraglia (eds.), Parthenon Publishing, London, pp. 179-184, 1992.
54. Kelton, C., Cheng, S., Nugent, N., Schweickhardt, R., Rosenthal, J., Overton, S., Wands, G., Kuzeja, J., Luchette, L., Chappel, S.C. The Cloning of the Human Follicle Stimulating Hormone Receptor and its Expression in COS-7, CHO and Y-1 Cells. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 89: 141-151, 1992.
55. Cole, E., Lee, K., Lauziere, K., Kelton, C., Chappel, S.C., et al. Recombinant Human Thyroid Stimulating Hormone: Development of Biotechnology Product for Detection of Metastatic Lesions of Thyroid Carcinoma. BioTechnology 11: 1014-1024, 1993.
56. Steele, D., Wallstrom, A., Bleier, K., Tsang, W-G., Austen, W., Auchincloss, H. and Chappel, S.C. Transplantation of Pancreatic Islets in Diabetic Non-Human Primates. Transplantation Proceedings 26: 3317-3318, 1994.
57. Chappel, S.C. Heterogeneity of Follicle Stimulating Hormone: Control and Physiological Function. Human Reproduction Update 1: 479-487, 1995.
58. Chappel, S. From Start-Up to Initial Public Offering. In: “Serono Symposia USA Idea to Product The Process”, N.Alexander and A. Colston Wentz (eds.), Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 179-188, 1996.
59. Chappel, S. The Choice of Gonadotrophin Isoforms in Present and Future Preparations. What Can We Expect? In: “Gonadotrophin Isoforms; Facts and Future”, Jarl. A. Kahn (ed.), Serono Fertility Series, Ciconia Foundation, Copenhagen, pp. 61-69, 1997.
60. Chappel, S., Luteinizing Hormone: Cloning, Expression and Bioactivity. In: “New Horizons in Reproductive Medicine”, C. Coutifaris and L. Mastroianni (eds), Parthenon Publishing Group, New York, pp.147-152, 1997.
61. Chappel, S., Kelton, C., Nugent, N., 1998. Basic Knowledge about recombinant gonadotropic hormone production. In: “Female Infertility Therapy”, Z. Shoham, C.M. Howles and H.S. Jacobs (eds), Martin Dunitz, London, pp.95-102, 1999.
62. Chappel, S. Follicle-Stimulating Hormone and Its Receptor: Future Perspectives. Human Reproduction 13: 18-35, 1998.
63. Recombinant Human FSH Product Development Group (includes S. Chappel) Recombinant follicle stimulating hormone: development of the first biotechnology product for the treatment of infertility. Human Reproduction Update 4: 862-881, 1998.
64. Chappel, S.C., Growth hormone and immune reconstitution J. AIDS and Retrovirology (1999) 20: 423-431.
65. Chappel, S.C., Can GHRH and GH Secretagogue administration re-initiate GH pulsatility? Clinical Endocrinology (1999) 50: 547-556.
66. Schmidt, A., Gromoll, J., Weinbauer, G.F., Chappel, S.C, Simoni, M., 1999. Cloning and expression of cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) gonadotropins LH and FSH and identification of two polymorphic sites in the LH b subunit. Mol. Cell. Endocrinology (1999) 156: 73-83.
67. Chappel, S.C., and W. Murphy, Growth Hormone and the Immune System “Cytokine Database”, J. Oppenheim and M. Feldman, eds., Academic Press, London (2001). pp251-266.